Fig. 3

Three-dimensional (3D) objects representing the step-by-step tooth carving process. This photograph shows completed 3D objects following the maxillary first molar modeling process and provides detailed information and textures for each sequential step. The second 3D modeling data include the final 3D object augmented in the mobile device. The dotted line indicates equal divisions of the tooth, and a separate piece indicates that it must be removed before including a piece containing a solid line. The red 3D arrow indicates the direction of tooth carving, the red circle on the distal surface represents the contact area of the tooth, and the red cylinder on the occlusal surface indicates the cusp. a: Dotted line, solid line, red circle on the distal surface, and steps indicating the wax block to be separated. b: Approximate completion of the maxillary first molar. c: Detailed view of the maxillary first molar, with the red arrow indicating the direction of tooth carving and the separated piece, red cylindrical cusp, and shape of the solid line indicating the part to be carved on the occlusal surface. d: Completed maxillary first molar